Background Abnormal microcirculation has been suggested in hearts with pathological conditions, particularly in hypertrophic hearts, even in the presence of normal epicardial coronary arteries.

Background Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) has good modern results, but large multicentre longitudinal data on outcomes, especially hospital resource utilisation through childhood and adolescence, are ...

In heart failure prognosis is related to the severity of impairment of functional capacity.1 The peak oxygen consumption (VO2) at cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is considered the gold standard ...

Results A total of 10 581 621 hospitalisations for major non-cardiac surgery were identified. Between 2008 and 2013, ≥2 cardiovascular risk factors and ASCVD were present in 44.5% and 24.3% of cases, ...

The association of bicuspid aortic valve with aortic stenosis, aortic regurgitation, and infective endocarditis has been known for almost 150 years and with dissection of the aorta for 75 years. 1 ...

In 1772, William Heberden described ‘a disorder of the breast marked with strong and peculiar symptoms… [with a] sense of strangling and anxiety’. Individuals affected are ‘seized while they are ...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the commonest atrial arrhythmia and represents a large burden on modern health services. Large multicentre randomised trials have demonstrated that a rhythm control ...

Background Three-dimensional (3D) myocardial perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) permits whole heart coverage and can establish an estimation of myocardium at risk and ischaemic burden.

Background Resistance training (RT) for improving muscular strength is a fundamental part of the exercise component in Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) protocols for post-open-heart surgeries. Although ...

Introduction Cardiovascular disease (CVD) causes a quarter of all deaths in the UK, (1) and the NHS Long Term Plan emphasises that earlier detection and treatment of cardiovascular, renal and ...

Objective D-dimer might serve as a marker of thrombogenesis and a hypercoagulable state following plaque rupture. Few studies explore the association between baseline D-dimer levels and the incidence ...

Lipoprotein (a) (Lp (a)) is a complex circulating lipoprotein, and increasing evidence has demonstrated its role as a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and as a possible ...