Condensation heat transfer is a critical process in many industrial applications, from power generation to chemical processing, where efficiency and performance are paramount. In the presence of ...

Dropwise condensation represents a critical mechanism in the efficient transfer of thermal energy, where discrete droplets form and detach from a surface rather than coalescing into a continuous film.

Controlling the solid-liquid-vapor tri-phase interface is of fundamental importance for a broad range of industrial applications ranging from biomedical engineering, energy production and utilization, ...

(a) AP1000; (b) HPR1000. CSP: containment spray system; SIS: safety injection system; CIS: cavity injection system; IRWST: internal refueling water storage tank; TFA: auxiliary feedwater system; PRS: ...