We have recently spoken about IP routing, but there is something else that needs our attention, and it is all about the types of routes found in a routers routing table. It might sound confusing but ...

I love new security testing tools. There is nothing quite like finding some magical bits of code allowing you to use and abuse protocols in unique and unnatural ways. I was introduced to Loki at ...

The third layer of the OSI Model, the network layer, is where most network engineers focus their time and expertise. As Darragh commented in my post on the data link layer, Layer 2 is cool but Layer 3 ...

Network protocols are formal standards and policies consisting of rules, procedures, and formats that define how data is exchanged over networks. They ensure that devices can communicate effectively, ...

Routing protocols have far-reaching effects on the performance and reliability of your network, but sorting out the differences between them can be a challenge. Choose the best one for your network by ...

Layers 7 through 4 are geared more to the application than the lower layers, which are designed to move packets from one place to another no matter what they contain. This top layer defines the ...

There are a number of emerging and proposed standard protocols focused on optimizing the support that data center Ethernet LANs provide for server virtualization. Several of these protocols are aimed ...

To protect against routing attacks on the Lightning Network, utilize watchtowers, verify channel state changes, and prioritize well-established payment channels. Payment channels on the Lightning ...