In 1994, astronomers witnessed one of the most dramatic events ever recorded in space when comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 smashed into Jupiter. Traveling at more than 216,000 km/h, the comet broke into 21 ...

Russell has a PhD in the history of medicine, violence, and colonialism. His research has explored topics including ethics, science governance, and medical involvement in violent contexts. Russell has ...

Here’s what you’ll learn when you read this story: The 1945 Trinity nuclear test fused desert sand and bomb-tower materials into trinitite—a glassy substance unlike anything humans had created before.