(querbeet/E+/Getty Images) When it comes to modeling near-future climate change, scientists have taken their absolute ...

The Earth receives a continuous influx of energy from the Sun. Some of this energy is absorbed at the Earth’s surface or by the atmosphere, while some is reflected back to space. At the same time, the ...

Aerosols and clouds play a key role in Earth's climate budget. However, the extent to which they reflect solar energy depends ...

Heat exchange mechanisms for enhancing cooling performance and environmental tolerance are elucidated. Challenges in extreme environments, along with the corresponding anti-environmental radiative ...

The current global mean top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) radiative forcing concept with adjusted stratospheric temperatures has both strengths and limitations. The concept has been used extensively in the ...

While, in theory, precipitation impacts the Earth's radiation budget, the radiative effects of precipitation (REP) are poorly understood and excluded from most climate models. Hence, a new study ...