Buck regulators are commonly used to efficiently step down a higher level, unregulated, positive input voltage to a regulated positive output voltage. Shown in Figure 1 is a simplified Buck regulator ...

Once more opto-isolators are to be seen in Wonderland. The aim was to see if the faster photodiode types can operate quickly in common collector mode. They consist of an infra-red led and a fast npn ...

A current sensor with PWM output is a very useful type of device. Traditionally, the device can serve in a digital application where the host microcontroller can determine the ratio of the on-time to ...

This article describes a simple technique for using a processors PWM output to produce an analog control voltage that matches the load’s input range, thus maximizing control resolution. Most ...

Wonderland’s current pwm to voltage converter mini-project is to interface a modern grblHAL cnc board with a late 1990s era thyristor-based motor control board in an milling machine. The board appears ...