Mustafa Akcakoyun, M.D.; Yunus Emiroglu, M.D.; Selcuk Pala, M.D.; Ramazan Kargin, M.D.; Gamze Babur Guler, M.D.; Ozlem Esen, M.D.; Hekim Karapinar, M.D.; Birol Say, M ...
Chronotropic assessment in heart failure management centres on evaluating the heart’s ability to modulate its rate in response to physiological demands. Chronotropic incompetence, defined by a blunted ...
Because glucagon in animals has positive inotropic and chronotropic effects in the presence of beta-adrenergic blockade, catecholamine depletion or full digitalization, its cardiovascular effects in ...
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