Swallowing is a fundamental human function that supports nutrition and communication. Damage to swallowing muscles can reduce quality of life and even lead to aspiration pneumonia or malnutrition.

Cellular injury entails disruptions in a cell's structure or function triggered by factors such as physical trauma, chemical exposure, infectious agents, and oxidative stress. These alterations may ...

Researchers have developed a human intestinal cell model that closely mimics the structure and function of the human gut, enabling more precise prediction of drug-induced gastrointestinal toxicity ...

Spinal cord injury (SCI) remains one of the most devastating medical conditions, severely impacting quality of life and often leading to permanent disability. The central nervous system (CNS) has a ...

Old cells are able to revert to a younger state for a better injury response after radically jettisoning ‘waste’ material, rather than managing it through controlled degradation. Cells eject ‘waste’ ...

Spinal cord injury remains one of the most challenging neurological conditions to treat, largely because damage continues to worsen long after the initial trauma. Secondary injury processes—driven by ...